A link to a page about the HTML specification

A link to the HTML Document Type Definition

A link with a URI that includes ampersands (which are underlined) in the example code. Note that I use the character entity reference for the ampersand in all cases. This URI leads you to the W3C validator which validates the W3C homepage itself.

A link to a picture (This is the W3C logo).

An email link with "email@domain.com" as the address.

A link that launches another program associated with the protocol "furc://" (that is, if such a program is associated with such a protocol)

Since this particular anchor element doesn't have a href attribute, it is not a hyperlink.

Since this isn't the a element, an HTML validator will flag the use of the href attribute as an error, and result still won't be a hyperlink.